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Analysis of Lighting Environment in Petroleum and Chemical Industry
In the petroleum and chemical industries, most of the production and operation sites are flammable and explosive regions, and there are strict requirements for lighting equipment. The industry's work area is divided into the following types: (1) Petrochemical plant area
Mainly for towers, tanks, pipelines and other outdoor or indoor equipment, requiring the deployment of flood lighting. The lamp configuration is generally 2-4 meters, and the illumination requirement is generally about 30-50Lx. Because most of the area is zone 1 or zone 0, the explosion-proof performance of the lamps and lanterns is extremely strict, and most of them require flameproof and explosion-proof grades.
Most of them are outdoor areas. They require good waterproof and anti-corrosion performance. At the same time, many areas are located in high altitude areas with a height of several meters or even hundreds of meters, high temperature and high pressure. Maintenance of lamps and lanterns is extremely difficult and dangerous, requiring the lamps to have maintenance-free features.
At present, the mainstream lamps and lanterns adopted by enterprises are explosion-proof lamps equipped with low-pressure self-ballasted mercury lamps or increased-safety explosion-proof fluorescent lamps equipped with fluorescent lamps. They have the disadvantages of low explosion-proof grade, poor waterproof performance, heavy maintenance workload, and low light source efficiency, especially light sources. Short life, poor safety, more frequent, large maintenance, high altitude operations, electric shocks, high-altitude falling accidents, is a major safety hazard in the production industry's electrical industry.
(2) Equipment area such as pump room
Mainly for pumps and other equipment, require the deployment of floodlighting. The height of the lamp configuration is generally 4--6 meters, and the illumination requirement is about 60-100Lx. Because most areas are zone 1 or zone 0, the explosion-proof performance of the lamps and lanterns is extremely stringent. Most of them require explosion-proof and explosion-proof grades. At the same time, most areas are used as spare parts, high temperature and high pressure, and lamp replacement and maintenance are extremely difficult and dangerous. Lamps have maintenance-free features.
At present, mainstream lighting adopted by enterprises is also self-ballasted mercury lamps or fluorescent lamps, which have the disadvantages of low explosion-proof rating, high maintenance workload, and low light source efficiency. There are also many problems such as large amount of maintenance and hidden dangers in working at height.
(3) Field equipment for petroleum industry
Mainly oil extraction, oil delivery equipment, etc., are generally in the dispersed field, the power supply is more difficult, the maintenance timeliness is poor, and there is a high requirement for the explosion-proof performance, waterproof performance, corrosion resistance, and maintenance-free performance of the lamps and lanterns.
At present, the use of lamps and lanterns is the same as the previous ones, and there are major security risks.
Analysis of Work Environment Lighting in Ship and Port Industry
The modern shipbuilding and port industries are divided into area lighting systems such as shipbuilding construction, factory buildings, material and freight yards, and ship body configuration. Due to the inherent characteristics of the industry, there are unique requirements for lighting.
The industry work area is generally divided into the following three types
(1) Repair ship construction
The modern ship repair has ushered in the era of large ships and giant ships. Tonnage is getting larger and larger, the hull is getting higher and higher, and the space inside the cabin is getting bigger. Construction lighting has to be used in large quantities in the interior of the cabin. Due to the typical metal environment in the cabin construction, there is a great risk of electric shock. National Safety Voltage Regulations. In-cabin construction lighting must use safe voltage lighting below 36V, otherwise it is in violation of safety electricity specifications.
Traditional light sources provide low voltage lighting of 36V or below. At present, 220V lighting voltage has to be used illegally, and safety accidents are easily caused. Especially in hot summer, high temperature can easily damage the cable. Electric shock accidents occur frequently and are difficult to prevent. Greatly affected. LED lighting can perfectly meet the low voltage lighting requirements of this dung work area.
(2) Plant and Material Yard
This type of area has a large space and a wide area, requiring the deployment of flood lighting. Because it is generally in a harsh environment, it requires the lamps to have good protection performance and corrosion resistance.
(3) Ship body configuration
This type of area is the hull's own space, which requires uniform and soft lighting. At the same time, it has higher requirements for the protection performance, shockproof performance and energy saving performance of the lamps. At present, conventional lamps with fluorescent light sources are generally used, with short life, poor shock resistance, and low luminous efficiency. The workload and maintenance costs are large.
LED lighting is an excellent way to meet the low voltage lighting requirements of this type of work area.
Power Industry Environmental Lighting Analysis
The power industry includes two major systems of power generation and transmission and transformation. There are unique requirements for lighting products. The industry working area is divided into the following types
(1) Power Plant Production System
It is mainly used for outdoor or indoor equipment areas such as coal transportation, boilers, steam turbines, and water treatment, and it is required to configure flood lighting. The height of the lamp configuration - generally 2-4 meters, the illumination requirements - is generally about 30-50Lx. Because most of the areas are outdoors or in harsh environments, the lighting protection performance, corrosion protection performance and explosion-proof performance requirements are extremely strict. Most of them require IP65 or higher protection levels. At the same time, most areas are high altitude areas or electricity areas of several meters or even hundreds of meters. Replacement and maintenance are extremely difficult and dangerous. Lamps are required to have maintenance-free features.
At present, the mainstream lamps and lanterns adopted by enterprises are lamps equipped with low-pressure self-ballasted mercury lamps or fluorescent lamps equipped with fluorescent lamps, which have the disadvantages of poor protection performance, large maintenance workload, and low light source efficiency. In particular, the light source has a short lifetime, poor safety, and frequent replacement. Large amounts of maintenance, high-altitude operations, and electric shocks and falling accidents at high altitudes are major safety hazards for enterprises.
(2) Power transmission and transformation system
Mainly for the switchgear room, transformer room, electrical equipment room, cable sandwich and other indoor equipment area, requires the configuration of flood lighting. Lighting configuration height - generally 3 - 6 meters, illumination requirements of about 100Lx. Although most of the areas are clean, most of the areas require the lamps to have maintenance-free features because they are used as areas where live equipment is running, lamp replacement, and maintenance are extremely difficult and dangerous. Some areas also require certain emergency lighting functions.
At present, the mainstream lamps and lanterns used by enterprises are self-ballasted mercury lamps or fluorescent lamps. They have the following disadvantages: poor performance against Shanghai, large maintenance workload, and low light source efficiency.
(3) Outdoor or outdoor electrical equipment area
Mainly electrical equipment, transmission, and other electrical equipment areas, generally in the outdoors or in the field, the environment is relatively poor, poor maintenance of the timeliness of the lamps and lanterns, waterproof performance, corrosion resistance, maintenance-free performance has high requirements.
At present, the use of lamps and lanterns is the same as the previous ones, and there are major security risks.
Analysis of Working Environment Lighting in Railway and Traffic Transportation Industry
The railway and transportation industry is a special operating environment, especially in the subway and tunnel areas where there are special requirements for lighting technology and products.
Railway and transportation industry lighting is divided into the following typical types:
(1) The underground area lighting area is typical of traffic tunnels, subways, etc. The area is a poor area and has high requirements for the protection performance, maintenance performance and light source luminous efficiency of the lamps. Local current lamps have the disadvantages of low luminous efficacy, short life span, and large maintenance.
(2) Large-area lighting areas typical of various railway buildings, freight yards, etc. These areas are tall and spacious, and require high protection performance and maintenance performance of the lamps.
At present, conventional lamps have the disadvantages of low luminous efficiency, short life span, and large maintenance.
(3) Various types of construction, repairs, etc. are typical temporary working areas. Such areas require high luminous efficacy, long life, and easy power supply.