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Pyridine series intermediates

Pyridine, an organic compound with the chemical formula C5H5N, is a six-membered heterocyclic compound containing a nitrogen heteroatom. It can be regarded as a compound in which one (CH) in the benzene molecule is substituted by N, so it is also called nitrobenzene. It is a colorless or slightly yellow liquid with a stench.

Foreign name: pyridine

Alias: Azabenzene

Chemical formula: C5H5N

Molecular weight: 79.102

CAS login number: 110-86-1

EINECS accession number: 203-809-9

Melting point: -41.6 ℃

Boiling point: 15.3℃

Water soluble: Soluble

Density: 0.983 g/cm³

Exterior: Colorless liquid

Flash point: 20 ℃ (closed)

Application: Used in the manufacture of vitamins, sulfonamides, pesticides and plastics, etc.

Security description: S7; S16; S22; S24/25; S26; S28; S36/37/39; S38; S45; S61

Hazard Symbols: F; Xn

Hazard description: R11; R20/21/22

UN Dangerous Goods Number: 1282

Physical properties:

Melting point: -41.6℃

Boiling point: 115.3℃

Flash point: 20℃

Density: 0.983g/cm3

Ignition temperature: 482℃

Upper explosion limit (V/V): 12.4%

Lower explosion limit (V/V): 1.7%

Critical temperature (℃): 346.85

Critical pressure (MPa): 6.18

Refractive index: 1.509 (20℃)

Appearance: colorless liquid

Solubility: Miscible with water, alcohol, ether, petroleum ether, benzene, oil and other solvents

Chemical properties:

Pyridine and its derivatives are more stable than benzene, and their reactivity is similar to that of nitrobenzene. Typical aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions occur at the 3 and 5 positions, but the reactivity is lower than that of benzene, and nitration, halogenation, sulfonation and other reactions are generally not easy to occur. Pyridine is a weak tertiary amine that can form water-insoluble salts with various acids (picric acid or perchloric acid, etc.) in ethanol solution. The pyridine used in industry contains about 1% of 2-methylpyridine, so it can be separated from its homologues by taking advantage of the difference in salt-forming properties. Pyridine can also form crystalline complexes with various metal ions. Pyridine is easier to reduce than benzene, such as reducing to hexahydropyridine (or piperidine) under the action of metal sodium and ethanol. Pyridine reacts with hydrogen peroxide and is easily oxidized to N-pyridine oxide.

Application

It is used in the manufacture of vitamins, sulfonamides, pesticides and plastics; it can also be used as an alkaline solvent, and it is also an excellent solvent for deacidification and acylation reactions; it can also be used as a carbonyl group for polymerization, oxidation, and acrylonitrile. It can also be used as a catalyst for chemical reactions, etc.; it can also be used as a silicone rubber stabilizer, a raw material for anion exchange membranes, etc.

3-Bromopyridine,4-Methoxypyridine,Intermediates 2-Chloro-3-formyl-6-picoline,5-Bromo-2-methyl-3-nitropyridine

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